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Types of Anxiety Disorders Anxiety disorders can be diagnosed when fear or anxiety is constant, chronic and interfere with daily life. Treatments include medication and talk therapy or psychotherapy. First, consult your doctor to rule any physical ailments out that might be causing symptoms. A psychiatrist or mental health professional will diagnose the type anxiety disorder you suffer from. Generalized anxiety disorder Everybody feels anxious from time to time, and there are many good reasons to be worried about things like job obligations or money, or health. However, if the anxieties become constant and take over your life, you could be suffering from a more serious disorder called generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). GAD is characterised by dread and anxiety that can alter the entire life of a person. They tend to think that they are the worst, and that small issues can turn into major catastrophes. GAD can affect anyone, and it typically begins in adolescence or childhood, but can occur at any time. It is twice as prevalent among women and the newly born female. panic anxiety disorder can trigger physical symptoms, including headaches and stomachaches, and make it difficult to sleep. It can also affect work and social activities, leading people to avoid family or friends and cause the loss of self-esteem. People with severe, chronic GAD are at a higher risk of developing depression. However, treatment can help manage the two disorders. The exact cause of anxiety disorders is unclear but they appear to be caused by genetics and changes in brain structure, which affect how your body responds to stress. Some experts believe that a lack of neurotransmitters in the brain may play a role too. Although there is no cure for GAD, the condition can be controlled by psychotherapy (talk therapy) and medications. Psychotherapy or talk therapy comprises several therapies that help you recognize and alter unhealthy thoughts, emotions and behavior. Cognitive behavior therapy is a type of therapy that can help you manage your distorted thoughts and reduce your anxiety by engaging them. Some physical symptoms such as dizziness or heart palpitations can be alleviated by medication. They include benzodiazepines and antidepressants and some medicines that treat seizures, such as hydroxyzine. GAD is a difficult condition to diagnose however, it is important to seek help in the event that your anxiety or other symptoms of the condition are apparent. It is simpler to treat it if you seek help early, before the physical and emotional symptoms begin to affect your life. Panic disorder This kind of anxiety disorder is marked by repeated, extreme terror and fear that can reach their peak in a matter of minutes (panic attacks). People who have this disorder may also feel chest discomfort, breathlessness or feeling like their heart is beating or flaring (“heart palpitations”). They frequently worry that their symptoms could be a sign of heart attacks. People with panic disorder may be at risk of developing other anxiety disorders, as well as depression and other health issues such asthma or hyperthyroidism. Researchers believe that anxiety disorders are caused by a variety of factors. Some research suggests they may be due to brain circuits that control fear and emotion. Other studies suggest that life experiences, genetics such as childhood abuse or traumatic events are common causes of anxiety disorders. Many people with an anxiety disorder have a parent who suffers from the disorder. Anxiety disorders can cause people to feel constantly stressed, even though they know that their fears aren't rational. This can lead to difficulty in social situations, work or at school. People with anxiety disorders may also have difficulty sleeping or eating well. They might also experience tension in their muscles, irritability and trouble concentrating. A person suffering from generalized anxiety disorder is likely to experience numerous worries regarding routine tasks, like work responsibilities or family issues. They're also likely to feel tired or irritable, have trouble concentrating and often worry about the safety of themselves or others. There are effective treatments for anxiety disorders. The treatments include medications psychotherapy, psychotherapy and other complementary health methods. A mental health professional can help you determine the problem that is causing your symptoms, and recommend the best treatment. Psychotherapy or talk therapy can help you cope with anxiety and decrease panic attacks. There are several types of psychotherapy that include cognitive behavior therapy and exposure reaction preventative. These therapies can be done individually or in groups. Social anxiety disorder Social anxiety disorder is a serious condition that can hinder everyday life. It causes extreme anxiety, anxiety and avoidance of social situations. It can be present in the early years of adulthood, but it typically starts in the early years of childhood. It usually manifests as anxiety over specific social situations, such as talking in class or going on dates, or it could be more generalized and involve avoiding any situation that might cause being considered unpopular by other people. The person suffering from SAD may recognize that their anxiety is unfounded however, they feel powerless. They attempt to manage the symptoms by avoiding situations that cause anxiety, but this can make them more anxious. They may also develop “safety behavior” to help reduce their anxiety, like drinking alcohol, staying silent and not making eye contact. Certain people suffering from SAD may benefit from medication along with psychological therapy. These medications, known as antidepressants, aid in balancing the levels of some neurotransmitters in the brain. Some examples of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). If you or someone you know suffers from social anxiety disorder, it's important to seek treatment. If left untreated, the disorder can be debilitating and lead to other mental health issues like depression or addiction to substances. If you or someone you know is having suicidal thoughts, dial 911 or your local crisis line or text TALK (TALK) to 741741 to speak to a trained crisis counselor. Anxiety disorders are highly treatable however, only 1 out of four people who require care receive it. Some of the barriers to seeking treatment are ignorance that anxiety disorders are real, a lack of investment in mental health services and stigma. It is essential that your healthcare provider understands the different types anxiety disorders so that you can get the right diagnosis and treatment. Request your doctor to refer you to a mental health professional when you're unsure if you have an anxiety disorder. You can also utilize an online tool to screen. Specific phobias A person who has a specific phobia experiences persistent and intense fear of one or more things, situations, animals or other people. These fears could be insignificant to the threat that the object or situation, however they can cause significant anxiety and hinder the ability to function in everyday life. Contrary to other forms of anxiety disorders, specific phobias cause anxiety over a single stimulus rather than multiple stimuli. The feared object or situation may include anything from dogs to heights to flying, injections, or even crowds. The condition is prevalent throughout the world and occurs more often in women than men, and usually begins in childhood or adolescence. Certain phobias aren't irrational fears, but the fear remains real. Children with specific fears usually overcome them. However when the fear persists as an adult it may be difficult to treat. Doctors identify the disorder by examining the symptoms and how they impact the way they function in their daily lives. Before diagnosing a phobia, doctors are able to rule out other disorders with similar symptoms, such as agoraphobia or social anxiety disorder. In earlier editions of DSM, adult patients were required to recognize their irrational fears in the diagnostic process. However the 2013 edition says that this requirement is no longer needed for adults. Treatment options for specific phobias are cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure-based therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy is primarily focused on educating people about healthier coping mechanisms and changing their reaction to fear. Exposure-based therapy involves gradual and systematic exposure to the subject or event. The patient might begin by thinking about the object or the situation. They can then proceed to see images of it, walking near an elevator, holding toys, going to a zoo and looking at real snakes, before experiencing a busy lift. This type of therapy may not be able to eliminate a fear, but it can reduce its intensity. Psychotherapy and medicines like antidepressants or anti-anxiety drugs are also options for treating certain phobias. People with specific phobias who try these therapies frequently report improved outcomes.